Tranexamic acid 5% is a widely used topical ingredient in skincare formulations, particularly for reducing hyperpigmentation, melasma, and post-inflammatory dark spots while improving overall skin tone uniformity. It works by inhibiting inflammatory pathways and limiting the overactivation of melanocytes, thereby helping to control excessive melanin production. Compared to many other brightening agents, tranexamic acid is generally well tolerated and associated with a lower risk of irritation, making it suitable even for sensitive skin types. Regular use of products containing 5% tranexamic acid, such as serums or creams, can enhance skin clarity and brightness, and for optimal results, daily use of sunscreen is strongly recommended.
Mechanism of action of C1G Tranexamic acid on the skin
brightening effect primarily by interfering with the plasminogen–plasmin system in the skin, which plays a key role in inflammation-induced melanogenesis. By inhibiting plasmin activity in keratinocytes, tranexamic acid reduces the release of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and arachidonic acid that normally stimulate melanocytes to produce excess melanin. This leads to decreased melanin synthesis and reduced transfer of melanin to surrounding skin cells. In addition, tranexamic acid helps stabilize the skin barrier and mitigate vascular and UV-induced factors involved in melasma, resulting in a gradual and more uniform reduction of hyperpigmentation.
Effective concentration: Typically, a 2–5% concentration of tranexamic acid in topical formulations has been shown to be effective in reducing hyperpigmentation.